随着数字化时代的到来，各种彩色图象处理设备在人们生活中占据着越来越重要的地位。为了有效地记录和处理图象，必须了解这些设备的能力和局限，使得在记录、传输、重现彩色图像的过程中，能够减小甚至消除因设备局限而产生的色彩失真和图象误差。为了使人们对这方面的动态有所了解，针对当前最常用的彩色记录和重现设备使用的关键技术和及主要研究成果进行了较全面的叙述，并简要介绍了一些新出现的技术及其应用前景，对该领域的研究趋势做了预测。

With the development of digital technology,various kinds of color image processing devices have been more frequently used than ever and color has become even more accessible.The increased use of color has brought with it new challenges and problems.In order to meaningfully record and process color images and to reduce color error caused by color imaging devices,it is essential to understand the mechanisms and limitations of these devices.In this paper,we reviewed some of the most commonly used color image recording and reproduction systems in present day.The system mechanisms and mathematical models used for representing these systems are discussed.The main problems existing in characterization,calibration and designing processes are recapitulated and the techniques used to solve them are also mentioned.This paper also provides a succinct introduction of some relatively new color imaging techniques,as well as their limitations and potentials of future applications.A forecast of research trends is attempted as well.