本文基于神经系统科学有关“特征”的研究成果，对“空间特征”的定义及其在高空间分辨率遥感影像目标识别与分类中的应用进行了研究。研究表明，空间特征包括空间原始特征、空间功能特征两种类型，其中，空间原始特征是对空间实体组成要素特性的反映，是有关空间实体的识别特征(说明“是什么”)，而空间功能特征则是空间实体的功能性分类标志，是有关空间实体的分类特征(说明“干什么”)。文章还具体结合一个基于高空间分辨率遥感影像对机场目标进行识别与分类的实验，对有关结论做进一步的阐释。

Based on the research results of“feature”by neuroscience, this paper discusses the definition of“spatial feature”and its applications on targets recognition and classification in remote sensing images of high spatial resolution. The research shows spatial feature consists of two aspects: spatial original feature and spatial functional feature. The former is a reflection of the characteristic of constituent elements of spatial entity, and is for recognition of spatial entity (that means“what it is”); the latter is a functional classification indication of spatial entity (that means“what it does”). The paper also illustrates an experiment about airport recognition and classification ground on a remote sensing image of high spatial resolution.