目的 血流动力学模拟方法对于揭示动脉瘤、动脉粥样硬化斑块等血管疾病的形成、发展和破裂的病理形成机制、诊断及术后评估具有重要研究意义,已经成为血管疾病诊断与预测分析临床应用与研究领域的一个热点方向。方法 根据血流动力学模拟过程中模拟的血流的特征尺度的不同,本文采用宏观尺度血流动力学模拟和多尺度血流动力学模拟的两种分类方法进行综述。结果 总结了不同特征尺度模拟情况下的血流动力学模拟与分析方法的国内外研究现状、主要研究方法和关键技术,并阐述了其中存在的研究难点,展望了血流动力学模拟未来的研究发展方向。结论 随着当前血管疾病患者人数的日益增长,结合基于图像信息的血管建模技术和人体生理真实性血流信息的多尺度血流动力学模拟方法的研究将成为该领域一个新的研究热点,对于提高我国血管疾病治疗水平具有重要研究意义。

Objective Hemodynamic simulation is an important tool for revealing the pathological mechanisms of the initiation, development, and onset of vascular disease (e.g., arterial aneurysm, atherosclerotic plaque, etc.), as well as for disease diagnosis and vascular surgery evaluation.Therefore, this type of simulation has become a popular research hotspot in the diagnosis and prediction of vascular disease.Method Macro-scale and multi-scale simulation of blood flow dynamics areadopted for thisreview on the basis of the different feature scales of blood flow in hemodynamic simulation.Result State-of-the-art research methods and key technologies of blood flow dynamics simulation methods that target different feature scales of blood flow are discussed.Subsequently,existing research difficulties and problems are summarized.Finally, trends in the further development of blood flow dynamics simulation methodsare examined.Conclusion With the rising number of patients with vascular disease, the multiscale simulation of blood flow dynamics combined with the image-based modeling of vascular and physiological blood flow data is expected tobecome ahot topic of future research. Such studies are of great significance to improvethe level of vascular disease treatment in China.