古代一些壁画，由于长期受外界环境，如光照、温湿度的影响，已程序不同地产生了破损，为了使人们能够欣赏到原作的风貌，可以采用计算机来进行模拟和复原，现以敦煌莫高窟壁画为应用背景，提出了一个使破损壁画虚拟复原和演变模拟的模型以及计算机模拟方法。它可以为复原性临摩、壁画研究以及壁画保护工作者提供参考。根据敦煌保护专家对壁画颜料成的研究和艺术家积累经验知识，参考目前保存得比较完好的一些壁画，通过综合利用色彩学知识，图像处理、人工智能等计算机技术，实现了把一些变色、褪色、脱落的敦煌壁画复原为初画成时金碧辉煌的景象，并模拟出其外界环境因素影响下变到现状的过程。其结果令人满意，部分成已成德国汉诺威2000年世界博览会上展出。

In this paper, we introduce our research on virtual restoration and gradual changing simulation of Dunhuang frescoes. We present a feasible restoration model as well as introduce the technologies used. The model is designed to give instructions for restoration facsimilers, fresco researchers and fresco protectors. With the assistant of computer, it is a new and more effective way than manual to protect and preserve Dunhuang fresco which is one of the most brilliant culture heritages of the world. The fresco image restoration result can even be used in virtual cave navigation system to show the brilliance of the grottoes in ancient time. Based on the pigment component research of Dunhuang experts, the experience knowledge of Dunhuang artists, and the current well preserved frescoes, we studied color knowledge, image processing,artifical intelligence and etc to restore some color changing, color fading and color stripping Dunhuang frescoes in computer. The most important of the restoration procedure is to separate the fresco image into some recovery objects(In this paper we adopt color layer division and edge detection technology). And then for each recovery object we get appropriate experience knowledge or analogical images for restoration guidance. Of course it still need some image processing tools such as cleaning dirty, color harmonize and etc to improve the last effect of the whole image. With the restored results then we can simulate the procedure that the frescoes change gradually from origin to current status. We made gradually changing demos for each category of restoration. We are satisfied with part of the results, and the achievement is shown in the EXPO'2000 in Hannover, Germany.