在对地形图图象颜色进行误差分析的基础上，指出目前在地形图分层算法设计中，由于仅考虑地形图色彩信息而存在许多不足，因此提出了地形图像素空间关系信息的概念，并讨论了像素空间关系信息的提取方法，进而给出一个将地形图像素的空间关系信息与颜色信息相结合，以实现彩色地形图分层的新算法．实验表明，此算法可有效地抑制地形图图象的颜色误差和提高分层的精度，从而为地形图的分层识别及自动矢量化奠定了良好的基础．

Based on the analysis of the color error in topographic map images such as transitional color and color distortion, the deficiency of available algorithms that only make use of color information in map segmentation is indicated. To get correct segmentation, the information in the map must be explored sufficiently. Simulating the integrated process of visual information abstracting, a novel concept of spatial relation information is defined. According to the feature of topographic map the distribution character of pixels relations in the image is analyzed and then proposes the method of how to recover spatial relation information. By the transformation of color spaces and the improved fuzzy clustering algorithm the color of pixels in the map is evaluated with different membership degree. At last spatial relation information and color information is combined in the segmentation of color map. As a result, color error in the map is restrained effectively. The experiments show that the proposed algorithm achieves robust and precise segmentation. Furthermore, the algorithm can recognize some elements in topographic map directly. It has established a fine basis for automatic vectorization of color topographic maps and introduces a new approach for image analysis.