在简要介绍顺序形态变换的基本概念及相关性质和对顺序形态变换进行边缘检测的原理进行阐述,以及对结构元素和百分位对边缘检测的影响进行讨论的基础上,根据图像形态学多刻度形态滤波的思想,从抑制噪声的角度对基本边缘检测算子进行推广和扩展,首先构造了3种边缘检测算子,并从理论上分析了算子的特性;然后将多结构元与图像边缘进行匹配,提出了3种广义顺序形态边缘检测算子并给出了一般表达形式;最后着重探讨了多结构元素及二重混合顺序形态变换百分位值p、q的选取原则.实验结果表明,该边缘检测算子在抑制噪声对图像边缘的影响和保持图像细节方面,优于传统的边缘检测算子和普通的形态边缘检测器.

Basic conception and correlative properties of multiple order morphology transformation on grayscale image were introduced.The principle of edge detection using order morphological filtering was illustrated.The effect of structuring elements and percentile on edge detection was discussed.Based on the idea of multi-scale morophological filtering,three order morphological operations of edge detection were constructed by extending the basic morphological operations of edge detection to restrain noise.The specialities of the operations which were monotony about percentile(p,q) in the area of image edge were analysed in theory.Based on above,three general order morphological edge operations were constructed and their formats were given,in which multi-structuring elements were selected to match image edge according to geometrical feature of image and to remove noise in diffenent directions in the meanwhile.The rules of how to select structuring elements and percentile(p,q) of duplicate mixed order morphology transformation were studied.The experiments showed that the operations we presented were more effective than other classical and ordinary morphological operations of edge detection on noise restraining and retaining the image details.