国际最新静止图像压缩标准——JPEG2000代表了离散小波变换（DWT）编码的最高水平，最新的视频压缩编码标准——H．264代表了离散余弦变换（DCT）编码的最高水平。由于H．264的帧内编码采用了一些新方法，如帧内空间预测、不同大小块的DCT变换等，使得H．264帧内编码效率高于其他的DCT变换编码方法，因此可以认为，H．264的帧内编码代表了DCT变换的最高静止图像编码水平。大量的仿真实验比较发现。H．264的帧内编码方法比JPEG2000的编码效率高。据此可以预测，基于帧内空间预测和不同大小块DCT变换的H．264帧内编码方法具有成为下一代静止图像压缩标准的潜能。

JPEG2000 stands for the state-of the-art of still image coding based on discrete wavelet transform(DWT),and H.264/AVC stands for the state-of-the-art of video coding based on variable block sizes discrete cosine transform(DCT).In addition,the H.264/AVC I-frame encoder(H.264-IFE) adopted several advanced techniques,such as directional spatial prediction,variable and hierarchical block transform etc,which improve its coding efficiency significantly.Basically,H.264-IFE is also the state-of-the-art of still image compression algorithm based on block transform.In this paper,a performance evaluation between H.264-IFE and JPEG2000 in terms of PSNR is presented.The experimental results show that H.264-IFE achieves better reconstructed image quality than JPEG2000.These results demonstrated the H.264-IFE's advanced techniques such as directional spatial prediction and variable block-size DCT coding are potential methods for developing next generation still image coding standard.