3维重构理论与技术是计算机视觉领域最重要的热点问题之一，而基于单幅图像的3维重构由于缺乏足够的几何信息而难以达到预期效果，已成为世纪性难题。针对大部分物体具有对称性特征，或可分解为有限个对称物体元的客观事实，提出基于透视逆变换原理，首先建立包含摇角、倾角、摆角等三元的透视变换矩阵T；再由链码表示的物体轮廓提取特征直线，根据平行线束投影角相近性特点求解主灭点信息，进而确定视点位置、物体对称平面；根据对称性特征，利用物体假想对称平面，通过人工交互指定3对已知对称点的图像坐标及其对应点的空间坐标确定透视变换矩阵T，继而反求物体表面其他特征点的空间位置，最后利用OpenGL软件包实现物体3维模型的重建。

The theory and technology of 3D reconstruction is one of the important problems in the computer visual field, and 3D restruction based on the single image has been the difficult problem in the century since without enough geometry information it was hard to reach the anticipative effects. This thesis aimed at the fact that most of the objects have the characteristics of symmetry or decompose into the limited symmetry objects, and put forward the principle of perspective reversible transformation. At first, the angle, inclination angle and pivot angle should be established in the ternary perspective transformed matrix, then the calibration which indicated the outline of the object can pick up the characteristic straight line. It extractes the host extinguishes information in accordance with the similar features of the parallel group of lines projection angle, then ensured the viewpoint situation and the symmetry surface of object. Based on this three pairs of the known symmetry image coordinates and the space coordinates of the corresponding points confirm with the perspective transformative matrix T. The result is reversed to calculate the other space coordinates of the surface of objects. Finally the objects of 3D reconstruction model can be realized by utlizing OpenGL software.